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What kind of design feature would have enabled it to withstand underwater weapons. Don't they used an air pocket and the ships own weight to break it's back?
In that particular era the preferred defence for large ships was an anti-torpedo belt. Simply put, it was just additional armour from a point above the waterline to a point just under the turn of the chine. If you can get your hands on a close-up waterline picture of a WWII constructed battleship or heavy cruiser you can see the distinct armour belt.
The best defence against a torpedo would be to have NOT penetrate the hull at all. Flooding can be controlled... if it's not too great an ingress of water. If a submarine decided it could actually penetrate the hull there would be several shots intended to creat several holes. You start using up damage control parties pretty quickly if the shotgun effect actually works. Additionally, flooding can be controlled by isolating the ruptured compartment, but that adds other problems, like steering, power, trim, etc. You'll note that armour is thickest around the engineering spaces, and for good reason. Flood a boiler room or the engine room and the ship is in a world of hurt.