C.M. Burns wrote:
I've been thinking about this for a while and recently read a post by herbie pretty much bemoaning the same thing:
What ever happened to Canadian Industry?
Are we forever doomed to be hewers of wood and drawers of water?
Yeah, we have Bombardier... thank god
But where is the Canadian car? the Canadian TV... cell phone... not even a god-damned Canadian washing machine!
Sweden, for example, with a population of 9.25 million people, has TWO huge car companies: Volvo and Saab. Saab also makes fighter jets that defend their small country. Do we even build ships any more?
Sweden's engineering sector accounts for 50% of output and exports.
They are hewers of silicon and drawers of blueprints!
I guess we are more accurately described hewers of double-entry accounting and drawers of fossil fuels.
Comparing Canada and Sweden is like comparing apples and oranges. For example, both nations have very different attitudes on national defence. Sweden, a non-aligned nation, tries to be more self-sufficient. That means the Swedes maintain aviation and auto manufacturing industries as a possible hedge against the dya when someone refuses to sell them planes/tanks/ships/ etc. Taiwan does the same thing, for very similar reasons. Canada, however, can and does buy equipment from allies, be it planes from the Americans, or ships from the Dutch (if Harper is to be believed).
That's one reason. Another is that labour tends to flow to the cheapest locations, be it on a national or international scale. I'm sure in the beginning of the industrial revolution, factories were set up close to supplies of raw materials, sources of energy, customers, etc. These day, with our vast global transportation and communication networks, factories can be located hundreds or even thousands of kilometers from all of that.
North America was Europe's sweatshop at the tail end of the 19t century. We probably would have lost that title sooner had there not been two world wars. But by the 70s, our labour costs were high and manufacturers started looking overseas for opportunities. Where possible, labour jobs (making TVs for instance) flowed to places like Taiwan and South Korea. Five minutes after Mao died, Chinese investors in Hong Kong started building factories across the border in China. Labour costs in Japan, Taiwan and South Korea are getting so high that the factories where people used to work are closing down and companies are shipping them to China. In a decade or two, labour costs in China will be too high and the factories will go somewhere else. Of course, trade deals like NAFTA made it even more economical for companies to move their factories there instead of keeping them in Canada or the US.
So far, based on Western experience, the business cycle roughly is: agarian economy > resource extraction/industrial economy > service economy.