It's accepted that Neanderthals were in Europe as early as 400 000 years ahgo and in Wstern Asia a little earlier. The controversy that remains is if Neanderthals should be labelled Homo neanderthalensis or Homo spaien neanderthalensis, a specialized sub species of Homo sapien sapiens. Don't be surprized if our species origins are pushed back even further, and more questions than answers come of this.

We once thought that humans didn't arrive in North America until 10 to 13 000 ago, yet we've been finding archaeological evidence that humans were here earlier. Then, there is the theory that they all came from eastern Asia over the land bridge. But we've found European mitochondrial DNA in 25% the Ojibwa people that is 17 000 years old.

Clovis culture has also caused problems, as the further west one goes the fewer examples are found of it and it disappears entirely on the other side of the Bering Sea where Natives were supposed to have originated. To further cloud the entire matter, more examples are found the further east you go in North America, in layers that supposedly pre date human arrival in North America. Some scientists have pointed out that Clovis appears to have originated in Europe, and was brought by early travelers from the Solutrean culture that came along the ice from Europe into Eastern NA, and were absorbed into the larger Asiatic population coming from the west.

Until we invent a time machine, it will all remain theory and postulation.